These aren't the little toy lasers you get at the counters of any shop. These are very powerful lasers sold by specialist shops or ordered online. They come with manuals and warnings on the box. Yes, the feds can do better and order companies that they must put even bigger, redder, angrier warnings on the box about the consequences of such actions, but there will still be people that ignore all that and don't even give it a second glance, so that kind of "education" can only go so far.
Thus why they went with a different kind of "education" - make a very public example of someone, and they did. That guy getting 14 years was in pretty much every newspaper (it was even in a local paper up here in Canada).
Is 14 years excessive? Not much harm was done in that case, but what if it had caused the helicopter to crash? The pilot, the sick kid, and any other passengers would have likely died. When you think about it that way, 14 years for an action that could have caused the death of people isn't any harsher than you'd get for an attempted murder, is it? Even more lenient, actually.